Java variables

• Variables are locations where the data is stored when program execute.
• It refers to memory location.
• You should follow the variable naming rules before type a name, Go to Java naming standards post.
• There are two major types of variables in java.

                         Primitive

1. Numeric (integer and floating point)
2. Single character
3. Boolean (true/false)

                         Complex objects

1. Strings
2. Dates
3. Everything else

Another types of declaration of variables

1. Instance variables (Non-static variable)
2. Class variables (Static variables)
3. Local variables

public class Apple{
    
     int x = 10;         // Instance variable
     static int y = 20;  // static variables

     public static void main(String args[]){
          byte z=5;      // local variables
     }
}

Instance variable

• This variables are declared in a class, but outside of any block.
• These are visible for all method, constructor and any block in the class.
• If you are using instance variable in non-static field, you have to call it through object.
• We will learn how to create objects in next posts. Here is a example.
• Value is depend on the object which is created.

class Apple{
 int x = 10;                     // Instance variable

    public static void main(String args[]){
     Apple obj = new Apple();    // create obj object
        System.out.println(obj.x);

        /*System.out.println(x); this will give a compile time error */
     }
}

Class variables (Static variables)

• This variable declared with a ‘static’ keyword.
• This variables are start with program start and destroy when program stops.
• Can be accessed with class name.
• Values depend on the class.

class Apple{
    
     static float x = 10.5f;
     static String s = "ryjskyline";

     public static void main(String args[]){

          System.out.println(Apple.x);
          System.out.println("-------------------");
          System.out.println(x);
          System.out.println("-------------------");
          System.out.println(s); // Apple.s is also correct
     }
}

Local variable

• Local variable are declared in method, constructors of any other block.
• This type of variable destroy once it exits the method, constructor or block.
• Access modifiers can’t be used for local variables.
• This variable does not initialize to default values.
• Local variables should be explicitly assigning value. 

public class Apple{

     public static void main(String args[]){
          int x =10;
          System.out.println(x);
     }
}

Compile and run your program online.